Just adding a little something here as I too have discovered that one of my OneDrive Syncs started failing in October last year. I was able to update the rclone binary by outputting it to a new file to get around the issue of rclone writing to itself:
# rclone selfupdate --output /usr/local/bin/rclone.new
# mv /usr/local/bin/rclone /usr/local/bin/rclone.bak
# mv /usr/local/bin/rclone.new /usr/local/bin/rclone
Now rclone is on v1.69.0 my sync works again