I’ve used a cheap PCIe 1x card with 16 sata ports in my desktop build for a while without any major problems, that is outside of having a sata cable spagetti monster in the cabinet and not being able to boot from any drive connected to that card.
The problem with those m.2 adapter cards especially for minisas, but I also imagine for sata is that the cables have a lot of leverage on it.
It could work, but could also not. Definitely worth thoroughly testing before you put any valuable data on the disks you connect to it.