Smart Errors on boot ssd

TrueNAS General
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1

Hello,

since a few weeks i get smart errors on my boot ssd.
The ssd is a few years old but was not used much. The TBW of it are very low.
Do i have to replace it but can it be fixed?

root@FreeNAS:~# 2024 May 24 07:36:18 FreeNAS Device: /dev/sdc [SAT], FAILED SMART self-check. BACK UP DATA NOW!
2024 May 24 07:36:18 FreeNAS Device: /dev/sdc [SAT], Failed SMART usage Attribute: 173 Wear_Leveling_Count.
2024 May 24 07:36:18 FreeNAS Device: /dev/sdc [SAT], Failed SMART usage Attribute: 233 Media_Wearout_Indicator.

root@FreeNAS:~# smartctl -a /dev/sdc
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.6.20-production+truenas] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Samsung based SSDs
Device Model:     SAMSUNG MZ7TY256HDHP-000L7
Serial Number:    S307NB0H813108
LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 d00000000
Firmware Version: MAT05L6Q
User Capacity:    256,060,514,304 bytes [256 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    Solid State Device
Form Factor:      2.5 inches
TRIM Command:     Available
Device is:        In smartctl database 7.3/5528
ATA Version is:   ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4c
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Fri May 24 07:38:33 2024 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!
Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.
See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x00) Offline data collection activity
                                        was never started.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status:      (  73) The previous self-test completed having
                                        a test element that failed and the test
                                        element that failed is not known.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:                (    0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        No Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        No Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                                        power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (  85) minutes.
SCT capabilities:              (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
                                        SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                                        SCT Feature Control supported.
                                        SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   094   094   000    Old_age   Always       -       26151
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   094   094   000    Old_age   Always       -       5773
170 Unused_Rsvd_Blk_Ct_Chip 0x0032   100   100   010    Old_age   Always       -       0
171 Program_Fail_Count_Chip 0x0032   100   100   010    Old_age   Always       -       0
172 Erase_Fail_Count_Chip   0x0032   100   100   010    Old_age   Always       -       0
173 Wear_Leveling_Count     0x0033   001   001   005    Pre-fail  Always   FAILING_NOW 854
174 Unexpect_Power_Loss_Ct  0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       85
178 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Chip  0x0013   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
180 Unused_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0013   100   100   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       1836
184 End-to-End_Error        0x0033   100   100   097    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
187 Uncorrectable_Error_Cnt 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0032   059   038   000    Old_age   Always       -       41 (Min/Max 0/62)
199 CRC_Error_Count         0x003e   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0013   001   001   001    Pre-fail  Always   FAILING_NOW 258956977441341
241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       35622
242 Total_LBAs_Read         0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       24960
249 NAND_Writes_1GiB        0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       218800

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     26055         0
# 2  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     26024         0
# 3  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25945         0
# 4  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25856         0
# 5  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25729         0
# 6  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25688         0
# 7  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25647         0
# 8  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25520         0
# 9  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25520         0
#10  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25352         0
#11  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25227         0
#12  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25184         0
#13  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25184         0
#14  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25016         0
#15  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     25016         0
#16  Short offline       Completed: unknown failure    90%     24849         0
#17  Extended offline    Completed: unknown failure    90%     24849         0
#18  Extended offline    Completed: unknown failure    90%     24724         0
#19  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     24681         -
#20  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     24513         -
#21  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     24345         -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
  255        0    65535  Read_scanning was never started
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

The above only provides legacy SMART information - try 'smartctl -x' for more

Thank you

2

(value column) media wear-out indicator and wear leveling count is 001 out of a 100. :scream:
You sure you didn’t wright a lot of data to that drive.
SMART is saying its toast. Like New Drive time toast.

3

I think theres a smart communication problem
When i try to calculate the TBW with the website: SSD Total Bytes Written (TBW) Calculator | virten.net
Then i get 17MB

4

Just replace it - quickly. It looks “fooked”

Then, after replacement, try testing it properly

5

Reinstalling TrueNAS Scale is as easy as doing a clean install on another boot device and than importing the config file right?
Because then i could do a temporary install on a usb drive while i test the ssd

6

usb drives are not recommended. but yes if you got the config file somewhere safe.

7

Because then i could format it to a windows compatible file system and run samsung magician to check it

1 Like
8

You have written a hell of a lot of data to it - 218TB to a 256GB drive i.e. you have written 855x as much data as the drive holds.

I find it difficult to understand how you could write that much data in 3 years to a TrueNAS boot drive - was it new when you started using it?

9

Maybe i mixed up the ssd.
I will try to read it out with samsung magician.
How do you get the 218TB?

10

SMART attribute 249. Which does not quite match with #241, but it does not matter: The drive has failed two long and sixteen short tests.

Save the configuration file, and reinstall to a new boot drive.
Do not bother with Magician; at this stage, you’d need Necromancer.

1 Like
11

249 NAND_Writes_1GiB 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 218800

218,800 x 1GiB = 218.8TiB = c. 235TB cf. 256GB of SSD.

1 Like
12

Power on hours now = 26,151
Power on hours at first SMART self-test failure: 24,724

Your disk has been failing for 1,427 hours or 60 days.

You really need to implement @joeschmuck 's Multi-Report script so that you get an immediate email warning the first time you get an error on your regular SMART tests.

13

@MrJoki007

All these folks have given you great advice, even if it isn’t what you really wanted to hear. You have two indicators of failure, 1) The Media Wear Leveling and Media Wearout are telling you that the SSD is almost done being able to write new data. 2) No SMART Self-test will pass.

As for how much data was written to the drive, yup, 1GB for every number in the RAW count of ID 249, this calculation couldn’t have been easier. If it were in LBAs that would require a “little” more math and understanding of a SSD. SSDs have a memory chip which can be “erased” only so many times and depending on that memory type, it can be like yours which is about 900 times, or upto over 5000 times. The erase cycle is the key item to focus in on here. Do a little research when you purchase SSD/NVMe drives in the future. With that said, a TrueNAS Boot Drive will write very little data so we recommend the least expensive drive out there for personal use. Generally that drive will outlast your system. Any SSD 16GB or larger will work, but cost should be the driving force. If you find a 500GB SSD for $35 USD, do not think about you are wasting over 400GB of space. Think only cost or it will drive you nuts.

Some SSDs are much better than others and you generally get what you pay for. You did say this drive was used elsewhere before TrueNAS so I suspect it wrote a lot of data. The drive has almost 3 years of runtime (likely a few more years on a calendar) on it and 5773 power cycles (~165 per month average).

Be happy you got a warning your drive was failing, it allows you to take action without freaking out about what just happened, did I lose all my data, etc.

I know this was a bit long of an entry but if you had further questions, I just wanted to explain to some detail and as others have said, save a copy of your TrueNAS configuration file somewhere safe (not on the NAS) so if it craps out before you replace it with a suitable SSD, you can easily restore the system.

3 Likes
14

Thank you.
Yeah i know it has this errors since a while.
And i got email warnings, but i ignored them because i thought it was a problem with wrong smart values.
But i did export the configuration file regularly

15

Thank you.
I bought a new ssd with 128gb and it will arrive today.
Then i will do a fresh install of truenas with my old configratuon file.

16

That should fix the problem. In the future, if you have a question about some SMART values or messages, just post a question, don’t wait until disaster happens.

17

Values reported by crystal disk info:

grafik
grafik827Ă—852 57.1 KB

It says much lower read and write values.
And i think 24 and 35TB arent that much right?

18

I’m not certain I would trust Crystal Disk Info in this situation. Why you ask?

Crystal Disk Info is taking your Total LBAs Written as 1 = 1GB. Generally an LBA = 512 bytes or if formatted it could mean 4096 bytes. It is not that common to actually see an LBA = 4096 as most systems will emulate 512 bytes regardless.

LBAs Written = 35622 x 512 (LBA = Sector) = 18.238MB, basically what that online calculator told you. It was not 35TB.

The NAND Writes 1GiB = 218800, this is 218TiB.

This drive has a rated life of 75 TBW = 68.21 TiB, but you go 218TiB = 239 TBW, unless my math is wrong (could be).

What confuses me with your drive is it appears your drive erased a lot! Did you do any secure erases? Like a lot of them! I don’t see that you actually wrote a lot of actual data unless the SMART data lies (very possible, seen it a bit), but it tells me the drive had the memory cells erased a lot.

The good thing is, your drive was confirmed as low on gas and was about to fail. You replaced the drive with a new one.

1 Like
19

No i did not do any secure erases.
But the good thing is, that it is replaced now and i will throw away the old one.
One thing i forgot is to safe a few scripts from the /root folder.
Is there a easy way to recover them from the old ssd?
Or is the easiest way to boot again the old ssd and move them to the storage pool?

20

It is possible to mount the root directory off the old ssd, but its tricky. By far the simplest way is to simply boot off the old ssd like you suggested.

If you did want to mount the old directory you would need to manually import the old ssd’s pool with a different name (as it would conflict with your current boot), and mount it at a temporary mount location.

1 Like