Is my drive running background media scans (BMS)? How often?

I’m spinning this new topic off of a comment here by @honeybadger

SCALE CE 25.04.2.6 but I don’t think that matters.


The SMART controversy has brought up a new topic of interest - background media scanning. If the drives are autonomously constantly doing read tests in the background across every LBA, then there’s very little difference between that feature (BMS) and SMART long tests.

Recently I had a disk fail so I took this as an opportunity to do an experiment after I received the new warm spare (RIP wallet).

Normally (as my system is for my personal/homelab use) the system powers off/reboots once daily and has a schedule of SMART tests. To prep for this experiment, I disabled the cron job for powering off the system daily and I excluded the new disk from the SMART test schedules (except for the one SMART short test it ran, as I simply forgot).

Below is the smartctl -x output:

# smartctl -x /dev/sdc
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.12.15-production+truenas] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Western Digital Blue (CMR)
Device Model:     WDC WD80EAAZ-00BXBB0
Serial Number:    REDACTED
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 2c173e13a
Firmware Version: 01.01A01
User Capacity:    8,001,563,222,016 bytes [8.00 TB]
Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate:    5640 rpm
Form Factor:      3.5 inches
Device is:        In smartctl database 7.3/6061
ATA Version is:   ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Sat Mar  7 09:28:57 2026 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
AAM feature is:   Unavailable
APM feature is:   Unavailable
Rd look-ahead is: Enabled
Write cache is:   Enabled
DSN feature is:   Unavailable
ATA Security is:  Disabled, NOT FROZEN [SEC1]
Wt Cache Reorder: Enabled

Warning! SMART Attribute Thresholds Structure error: invalid SMART checksum.
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x00) Offline data collection activity
                                        was never started.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                                        without error or no self-test has ever
                                        been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:                (12884) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                                        power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        ( 804) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   5) minutes.
SCT capabilities:              (0x0031) SCT Status supported.
                                        SCT Feature Control supported.
                                        SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAGS    VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     POSR-K   100   253   051    -    0
  3 Spin_Up_Time            POS--K   100   253   021    -    0
  4 Start_Stop_Count        -O--CK   100   100   000    -    1
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   PO--CK   200   200   140    -    0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         -OSR-K   200   200   000    -    0
  9 Power_On_Hours          -O--CK   100   100   000    -    204
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        -O--CK   100   253   000    -    0
 11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK   100   253   000    -    0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       -O--CK   100   100   000    -    1
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK   200   200   000    -    0
193 Load_Cycle_Count        -O--CK   200   200   000    -    7
194 Temperature_Celsius     -O---K   124   117   000    -    28
196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK   200   200   000    -    0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  -O--CK   200   200   000    -    0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   ----CK   100   253   000    -    0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    -O--CK   200   200   000    -    0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   ---R--   200   200   000    -    0
                            ||||||_ K auto-keep
                            |||||__ C event count
                            ||||___ R error rate
                            |||____ S speed/performance
                            ||_____ O updated online
                            |______ P prefailure warning

General Purpose Log Directory Version 1
SMART           Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support]
Address    Access  R/W   Size  Description
0x00       GPL,SL  R/O      1  Log Directory
0x01           SL  R/O      1  Summary SMART error log
0x02           SL  R/O      5  Comprehensive SMART error log
0x03       GPL     R/O      6  Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log
0x04       GPL     R/O    256  Device Statistics log
0x04       SL      R/O    255  Device Statistics log
0x06           SL  R/O      1  SMART self-test log
0x07       GPL     R/O      1  Extended self-test log
0x09           SL  R/W      1  Selective self-test log
0x10       GPL     R/O      1  NCQ Command Error log
0x11       GPL     R/O      1  SATA Phy Event Counters log
0x24       GPL     R/O    310  Current Device Internal Status Data log
0x30       GPL,SL  R/O      9  IDENTIFY DEVICE data log
0x80-0x9f  GPL,SL  R/W     16  Host vendor specific log
0xa0-0xa1  GPL,SL  VS      16  Device vendor specific log
0xa3-0xa7  GPL,SL  VS      16  Device vendor specific log
0xa8-0xb6  GPL,SL  VS       1  Device vendor specific log
0xb7       GPL,SL  VS      80  Device vendor specific log
0xbd       GPL,SL  VS       1  Device vendor specific log
0xc0       GPL,SL  VS       1  Device vendor specific log
0xc1       GPL     VS      93  Device vendor specific log
0xe0       GPL,SL  R/W      1  SCT Command/Status
0xe1       GPL,SL  R/W      1  SCT Data Transfer

SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (6 sectors)
No Errors Logged

SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Short offline       Completed without error       00%        35         -
# 2  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%        14         -
# 3  Conveyance offline  Completed without error       00%         0         -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

SCT Status Version:                  3
SCT Version (vendor specific):       258 (0x0102)
Device State:                        Active (0)
Current Temperature:                    28 Celsius
Power Cycle Min/Max Temperature:     23/31 Celsius
Lifetime    Min/Max Temperature:     23/31 Celsius
Under/Over Temperature Limit Count:   0/0
Vendor specific:
01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

SCT Temperature History Version:     2
Temperature Sampling Period:         1 minute
Temperature Logging Interval:        1 minute
Min/Max recommended Temperature:      0/60 Celsius
Min/Max Temperature Limit:           -41/85 Celsius
Temperature History Size (Index):    478 (323)

Index    Estimated Time   Temperature Celsius
 324    2026-03-07 01:31    27  ********
 ...    ..( 42 skipped).    ..  ********
 367    2026-03-07 02:14    27  ********
 368    2026-03-07 02:15    28  *********
 369    2026-03-07 02:16    28  *********
 370    2026-03-07 02:17    27  ********
 ...    ..( 62 skipped).    ..  ********
 433    2026-03-07 03:20    27  ********
 434    2026-03-07 03:21    28  *********
 ...    ..( 14 skipped).    ..  *********
 449    2026-03-07 03:36    28  *********
 450    2026-03-07 03:37    27  ********
 ...    ..(290 skipped).    ..  ********
 263    2026-03-07 08:28    27  ********
 264    2026-03-07 08:29    28  *********
 ...    ..( 58 skipped).    ..  *********
 323    2026-03-07 09:28    28  *********

SCT Error Recovery Control command not supported

Device Statistics (GP Log 0x04)
Page  Offset Size        Value Flags Description
0x01  =====  =               =  ===  == General Statistics (rev 3) ==
0x01  0x008  4               1  ---  Lifetime Power-On Resets
0x01  0x010  4             204  ---  Power-on Hours
0x01  0x018  6               0  ---  Logical Sectors Written
0x01  0x020  6               0  ---  Number of Write Commands
0x01  0x028  6           32696  ---  Logical Sectors Read
0x01  0x030  6             183  ---  Number of Read Commands
0x01  0x038  6       734400000  ---  Date and Time TimeStamp
0x02  =====  =               =  ===  == Free-Fall Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x02  0x010  4               0  ---  Overlimit Shock Events
0x03  =====  =               =  ===  == Rotating Media Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x03  0x008  4             204  ---  Spindle Motor Power-on Hours
0x03  0x010  4              13  ---  Head Flying Hours
0x03  0x018  4               7  ---  Head Load Events
0x03  0x020  4               0  ---  Number of Reallocated Logical Sectors
0x03  0x028  4               0  ---  Read Recovery Attempts
0x03  0x030  4               0  ---  Number of Mechanical Start Failures
0x03  0x038  4               0  ---  Number of Realloc. Candidate Logical Sectors
0x03  0x040  4               0  ---  Number of High Priority Unload Events
0x04  =====  =               =  ===  == General Errors Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x04  0x008  4               0  ---  Number of Reported Uncorrectable Errors
0x04  0x010  4               0  ---  Resets Between Cmd Acceptance and Completion
0x05  =====  =               =  ===  == Temperature Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x05  0x008  1              28  ---  Current Temperature
0x05  0x010  1              27  ---  Average Short Term Temperature
0x05  0x018  1               -  ---  Average Long Term Temperature
0x05  0x020  1              31  ---  Highest Temperature
0x05  0x028  1              25  ---  Lowest Temperature
0x05  0x030  1              28  ---  Highest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05  0x038  1              25  ---  Lowest Average Short Term Temperature
0x05  0x040  1               -  ---  Highest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05  0x048  1               -  ---  Lowest Average Long Term Temperature
0x05  0x050  4               0  ---  Time in Over-Temperature
0x05  0x058  1              60  ---  Specified Maximum Operating Temperature
0x05  0x060  4               0  ---  Time in Under-Temperature
0x05  0x068  1               0  ---  Specified Minimum Operating Temperature
0x06  =====  =               =  ===  == Transport Statistics (rev 1) ==
0x06  0x008  4               2  ---  Number of Hardware Resets
0x06  0x010  4               1  ---  Number of ASR Events
0x06  0x018  4               0  ---  Number of Interface CRC Errors
0xff  =====  =               =  ===  == Vendor Specific Statistics (rev 1) ==
0xff  0x008  7               0  ---  Vendor Specific
0xff  0x010  7               0  ---  Vendor Specific
0xff  0x018  7               0  ---  Vendor Specific
                                |||_ C monitored condition met
                                ||__ D supports DSN
                                |___ N normalized value

Pending Defects log (GP Log 0x0c) not supported

SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11)
ID      Size     Value  Description
0x0001  2            0  Command failed due to ICRC error
0x0002  2            0  R_ERR response for data FIS
0x0003  2            0  R_ERR response for device-to-host data FIS
0x0004  2            0  R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS
0x0005  2            0  R_ERR response for non-data FIS
0x0006  2            0  R_ERR response for device-to-host non-data FIS
0x0007  2            0  R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS
0x0008  2            0  Device-to-host non-data FIS retries
0x0009  2            1  Transition from drive PhyRdy to drive PhyNRdy
0x000a  2            2  Device-to-host register FISes sent due to a COMRESET
0x000b  2            0  CRC errors within host-to-device FIS
0x000d  2            0  Non-CRC errors within host-to-device FIS
0x000f  2            0  R_ERR response for host-to-device data FIS, CRC
0x0012  2            0  R_ERR response for host-to-device non-data FIS, CRC
0x8000  4       736370  Vendor specific

#

My noob analysis is pretty simple:

  • Drive’s been running for 8-ish days (that’s about right, I received and installed it into the system on Thu 2026-02-26).
  • No issues on the drive.
  • The first few SMART tests (long + convayence by me, short by test schedule) all came back clean.
  • No evidence of a BMS feature present.

Honeybadger also notes the sdparm command. I’ve never used this command before so I don’t really know what I’m doing, but here’s the output of sdparm --all :

# sdparm --all /dev/sdc
    /dev/sdc: ATA       WDC WD80EAAZ-00B  1A01
Read write error recovery mode page:
  AWRE          1  [cha: n, def:  1]
  ARRE          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  TB            0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  RC            0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  EER           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  PER           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  DTE           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  DCR           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  RRC           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  COR_S         0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  HOC           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  DSOC          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  LBPERE        0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  MWR           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  WRC           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  RTL           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
Caching (SBC) mode page:
  IC            0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  ABPF          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  CAP           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  DISC          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  SIZE          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  WCE           1  [cha: y, def:  1]
  MF            0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  RCD           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  DRRP          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  WRP           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  DPTL          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  MIPF          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  MAPF          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  MAPFC         0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  FSW           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  LBCSS         0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  DRA           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  SYNC_PROG     0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  NV_DIS        0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  NCS           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  CSS           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
Control mode page:
  TST           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  TMF_ONLY      0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  DPICZ         0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  D_SENSE       0  [cha: y, def:  0]
  GLTSD         1  [cha: n, def:  1]
  RLEC          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  QAM           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  NUAR          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  QERR          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  VS_CTL        0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  RAC           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  UA_INTLCK     0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  SWP           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  ATO           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  TAS           0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  ATMPE         0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  RWWP          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  SBLP          0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  AUTOLOAD      0  [cha: n, def:  0]
  BTP           -1  [cha: n, def: -1]
  ESTCT         30  [cha: n, def: 30]

I don’t see anything in there for BMS, but I’m happy to try out other commands if I’m given some fishing tips.

Is my drive running background media scans (BMS)? How do I find out? How often is BMS completing/running if it’s enabled?

1 Like

Given that the OEM of your drive (WD) took out at least one patent re: BMS in 2018, I’d like to think that the groundwork for BMS would be in the firmware for a drive manufactured and shipped 7 years later.

How it’s implemented is a great question! Thank you for looking into it.

lol I’m not “looking into” anything. I’m just asking questions…

1 Like

I looked through the WDDCS tool manual, but I didn’t see any info on BMS features in there.

There seem to be BMS commands built into Smartmon since at least 2017, however. Here is another post along the same lines.

The help files over at smartmontools.org less than awesome to navigate. But the smartctl man page has some good hints where to look next, see the section I quoted below:

-l TYPE, --log=TYPE
Prints various device logs. The valid arguments to this option are:

error - [ATA] prints the Summary SMART error log. SMART disks maintain a log of the most >recent five non-trivial errors.

… SNIP! …

background - [SCSI only] the background scan results log outputs information derived from Background Media Scans (BMS) done after power up and/or periodically (e.g. every 24 hours) on recent SCSI disks. If supported, the BMS status is output first, indicating whether a background scan is currently underway (and if so a progress percentage), the amount of time the disk has been powered up and the number of scans already completed. Then there is a header and a line for each background scan “event”. These will typically be either recovered or unrecoverable errors. That latter group may need some attention. There is a description of the background scan mechanism in section 4.18 of SBC-3 revision 6 (see www.t10.org ).

2 Likes

Filing a patent application (“A”) does not imply that you’ll get an actual granted patent (“B” publication). And certanly does not predict that the patented technology will be used in actual products…

2 Likes

For SATA drives, check the output of smartctl -c /dev/sdX and look for a section like the following right at the top:

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x82) Offline data collection activity
                                        was completed without error.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.

To try to read the SCSI page for the actual logged results, try:

sdparm --page=bc /dev/sdX

SAS drives, I would expect to return something. SATA, perhaps not.

2 Likes

I’m interpreting part of the answer to my original question is that there’s zero indication how often it’s running/completing even if it is enabled.

My -x output from the OP shows the Auto Offline Data Collection is disabled.

Can it be enabled or is that a read-only property?

sudo smartctl --offlineauto=on /dev/sdX

Apparently it runs every 4 hours

Noted. This raises a lot more questions…

Results:

  • Is my drive running BMS…
    • …on TrueNAS 25.04?
      • A: No.
    • …on TrueNAS 25.10.2.1?
      • A: No.
  • How often?
    • Unanswered/indeterminable based on previous results.

Thanks @prez02 , @HoneyBadger , @Constantin