Are these Seagate drives? Given some of the raw values I’m guessing they should be.
Seagate translate - replace sd’x’ as needed--------
smartctl -a -v 1,raw48:54 /dev/sdx -v 7,raw48:54 -v 195,raw48:54
Add/remove a -v ###,raw48:54 as needed (### being replaced with parameter of interest)- some of these drives have different parameters of interest than what I’m used to & I’m too lazy to type out a custom command per drive. sudo in front of the command if you’re not running as root/admin. Realistically we want things like seek/read errors, uncorrected errors, crc errors, pending/uncorrectable sectors, etc to be either 0 or a low non-increasing value.
Unlike Joe, I’m more inclined to blame the sata cards; are the drives erroring out connected to the sata cards? If you move them over to the motherboard directly, do the errors follow the drive or does the drive connected to the sata card start creating problems? Might be worth looking into an HBA.